Pangong Tso, also known as Pangong Lake, is an endorheic lake spanning eastern Ladakh and western Tibet. Situated at a high altitude of about 4,350 m (14,270 ft), it is 134 km (83 mi) long and extends from India to the Tibetan Autonomous Region, China. Approximately 60% of the length of the lake lies within the Tibetan Autonomous Region. The lake is 5 km (3.1 mi) wide at its broadest point. During winter, the lake freezes completely, despite being saline water. It is not a part of the Indus river basin area and geographically a separate landlocked river basin. The name Pangong Tso is Tibetan for "high grassland lake".
Pangong Tso's recent history is marked by its role as a disputed border between India and China. The lake became a major point of contention during the Sino-Indian War of 1962 and subsequent border disputes. Historically, the lake was part of a trade route between Ladakh and Tibet, frequented by nomadic communities and traders. Its strategic location has led to its militarization, with both countries maintaining a presence in the area. Despite the ongoing border sensitivities, the lake's breathtaking beauty has made it an increasingly popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world.